What Is the Principle of Dry-Type Transformer?

The core operating mechanism of dry-type transformers is to use the physical effects of magnetic induction and electromagnetic induction to achieve the conversion of electrical energy in a pure air environment without any liquid cooling or insulating medium.

Magnetic energy conversion

When AC is passed through the main winding, it will generate an alternating magnetic field. This magnetic field is not limited to the inside of the wire, but penetrates the iron core of the transformer to form a closed magnetic circuit. In this process, the iron core acts as a magnetic medium, enhancing the conduction efficiency of the magnetic field and indirectly transferring magnetic energy to the secondary winding.

Induction electricity

As the current in the main winding changes, the magnetic flux in the iron core also changes accordingly. According to Faraday's law of electromagnetic induction, this change in magnetic flux will stimulate an induced electromotive force in the secondary winding, and then generate an induced current in the closed secondary winding circuit. In this way, the secondary winding "captures" the information of the current change in the main winding and converts it into electrical energy for output.

Voltage conversion and turns ratio

An important characteristic of a transformer is its voltage conversion function, which is directly related to the turns ratio between the main winding and the secondary winding. Simply put, if the number of turns of the secondary winding is less than the primary winding, the output voltage will be lower than the input voltage; conversely, if the number of turns of the secondary winding is more than the primary winding, the output voltage will increase. This proportional relationship of voltage conversion is the essence of transformer design.

Air insulation and dry design

Unlike traditional oil-immersed transformers, dry-type transformers use air as the main insulating medium between windings. This means that it does not need to use thermal oil or insulating oil to assist heat dissipation and insulation, thereby simplifying the structure and improving safety and environmental friendliness. Therefore, dry-type transformers are particularly suitable for occasions with high requirements for fire prevention, explosion prevention and environmental protection.